Chapter 4. Upcycling Used Materials

Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to:

Setelah menyelesaikan bab ini, kamu diharapkan dapat:

Talk about things by describing the materials and functions.

Bicara tentang hal -hal dengan menggambarkan materi dan fungsi.

Identify and categorize specific information about goods and their prices.

Mengidentifikasi dan mengkategorikan informasi spesifik tentang barang dan harganya.

Describe an object with specific characteristics and details.

Jelaskan objek dengan karakteristik dan detail tertentu.

Listening Comprehension

Listen to Audio 4.1 about Galang and his friends discussing their project.

After listening, answer the following questions:

What materials do Galang and his friends plan to use for their project?
What is the main function of the items they want to create?
How do they plan to gather the materials?
Who suggests using the water bottles?
What is Monita's idea for the project?

Listening for Details

Listen to Audio 4.2 where Monita describes her creation.

Fill in the blanks based on what you hear.

Monita's creation is made from __________.

The tail of the fish is made of __________.

What color is the body of the fish?

What additional decorations does Monita use?

How does Monita plan to display her creation?

Bazaar

Bottle cap

Cardboard

Charity

Circular

Colorful

Cutlery

Decoration

Design

Discount

Donation

Elastic

Function

Glue

Lantern

Material

Pameran

Tutup botol

Kardus

Amal

Melingkar

Berwarna-warni

Peralatan makan

Dekorasi

Desain

Diskon

Donasi

Karet elastis

Fungsi

Lem

Lentera

Materi / Bahan

Painted

Paper

Pipes

Plastic

Preloved

Price

Question

Quiet

Quick

Recycle

Round

Sale

Second-hand

Shape

Size

Stationery

Straw

Triangular

Used materials

Volunteer

Dicat

Kertas

Pipa

Plastik

Bekas (pakai)

Harga

Pertanyaan

Tenang

Cepat

Daur ulang

Bulat

Penjualan

Bekas

Bentuk

Ukuran

Alat tulis

Sedotan

Segitiga

Barang bekas

Relawan

Adjective Order

When we want to describe a thing, we usually need adjectives. If more than an adjective is used, there is the order to put the adjectives.

Ketika kita ingin menjelaskan suatu hal, biasanya kita memerlukan kata sifat. Jika lebih dari satu kata sifat digunakan, berikut urutan penggunaan kata sifat tersebut.

Adjective Order 🔗

General Opinion

nice, beautiful, interesting, delicious

Specific Opinion

tasty (for food), talented (for people)

Size

small, large, tiny, huge

Shape

round, square, rectangular

Age

old, new, ancient, young

Color

red, blue, black

Nationality

Indonesian, Japanese, American

Material

wooden, plastic, metal

Example

A beautiful small round table.

Meja bundar kecil yang cantik.

A delicious big old pizza.

Pizza besar yang lezat.

A nice blue Indonesian batik shirt.

Kemeja batik biru Indonesia yang cantik.

Asking and Stating Prices

When we buy things, we often ask or say the price. We use this to know how much something costs or to tell someone the cost.

Ketika kita membeli sesuatu, kita sering menanyakan atau menyebutkan harganya. Kita menggunakan ini untuk mengetahui berapa harga sesuatu atau untuk memberi tahu seseorang harganya.

Example

Q : How much is it/the backpack/the book?

J : Berapa harganya/ransel itu/buku itu?

A : It's 50.000 rupiahs.

J : Harganya 50.000 rupiah.

Q : How much are they/the backpack/the book?

J : Berapa harganya/ransel itu/buku itu?

A : They are 100.000 rupiahs.

J : Harganya 100.000 rupiah.

Q : How much does it/the backpack/the book?

J : Berapa harganya/ransel itu/buku itu?

A : It costs 50.000 rupiahs.

J : Harganya 50.000 rupiah.

Q : How much do they/the backpack/the book cost?

J : Berapa harganya/ransel itu/buku itu?

A : They cost 100.000 rupiahs.

J : Harganya 100.000 rupiah.

Passive Voice 🔗

We use the passive voice when the action is more important than the person doing it or We don’t know who performed the action.

Kita menggunakan kalimat pasif ketika tindakan tersebut lebih penting daripada orang yang melakukannya atau kita tidak tahu siapa yang melakukan tindakan tersebut.

Passive form

To be + past participle (V3).

Example

Active Student volunteers run it.

Aktif mahasiswa relawan yang menjalankannya.

Passive It is run by student volunteers.

Pasif dijalankan oleh mahasiswa relawan.

To focus on the object rather than the subject.

Untuk berfokus pada objek, bukan pada subjek.

The charity shop is run by student volunteers.

Toko amal tersebut dikelola oleh mahasiswa relawan.

(Focus on charity shop, not volunteers.)

(Fokus pada toko amal, bukan relawan.)

When the subject is unknown or unnecessary.

Ketika subjek tidak diketahui atau tidak diperlukan.

The charity shop is not permitted to sell illegal items.

Toko amal tidak diizinkan untuk menjual barang ilegal.

(Who does not permit is not important.)

(Siapa yang tidak mengizinkan tidak penting.)

Reading Comprehension

Read the text Galang’s School Bazaar and answer the following questions based on the passage.

Galang’s School Bazaar

Galang’s school is holding a bazaar to raise funds for a new library. Each student is encouraged to bring items to sell. Galang decides to sell some of his used items that are still in good condition. He brings two pairs of sneakers and three backpacks.

The sneakers are priced at Rp75,000 per pair, while each backpack is sold for Rp50,000. All the items are clean and look almost new. Galang takes good care of his things, so the buyers are happy with the quality.

Galang plans to donate part of the money to the school library fund. With the rest, he wants to buy school supplies and save a little for his dream of buying a bicycle.

The bazaar is not just about selling things—it’s also a way for students to learn about entrepreneurship and teamwork. Many parents and neighbors come to support the event, making it a fun and meaningful day for everyone.

Questions :

What items is Galang selling at the bazaar?
What are the prices of the sneakers and backpacks?
How does Galang plan to use the money he earns?
What condition are the items in?
What is the purpose of the school bazaar?

Descriptive Text Analysis

Read a descriptive text about a recycled item. Identify the adjectives used to describe the item and answer the questions.

A Recycled Bottle Lamp

This beautiful recycled lamp is made from an old plastic bottle and a handful of colorful beads. The bottle was carefully cleaned and cut into a neat shape. Around the body of the lamp, soft yellow paper is wrapped to create a warm glow when the light is turned on.

The top of the bottle is decorated with shiny, green beads and a piece of woven coconut fiber rope, giving it a unique and natural touch. The lamp is lightweight, portable, and safe to use. It can be placed on a desk, used as a night lamp, or even as decoration for special events.

This creative item not only helps reduce plastic waste but also adds charm to any room. Its eco-friendly design shows how trash can be turned into something useful and attractive.

Questions :